(4) Conclusion: The findings suggest that amateur golfers face different slopes with altered muscle recruitment strategies. The ball speed, swing speed, carry, and apex were higher on BLF than on BAF and BBF slopes. Regarding smash factor and launch angle, there were no significant differences between the three slopes. The maximum separation angles of the X-factor appeared in the early phase of the down swing for all the three slopes. Trunk angle and X-factor angles had no significant differences in address, top of back swing, or ball impact. Additionally, the trends of the lead and trail sides of the thoracolumbar regions on the three slopes were found to be the same across the five phases. The lead and trail side (i.e., right side) lumbar ES were more active during acceleration than the thoracic ES. (3) Results: The muscle activity of the BAF and BBF slopes was significantly lower than that of the BLF slope during the early follow-through phase of the thoracic ES on the lead side (i.e., left side) and during the acceleration and early follow-through phases of the lumbar ES on the lead side. Kinematics of the shoulder, trunk, and spine were evaluated, and the ball speed, swing speed, carry, smash factor, launch angle, and apex were measured using Caddie SC300. Each golf swing was divided into five phases. Surface electromyograms from the left and right sides of the ES thoracolumbar region (T8 and 元 on the spinous process side) were evaluated. (3) Methods: Eight right-handed recreational male golfers completed five swings using a seven-iron for each ground slope. Furthermore, the present study evaluates the effect of slope on the kinematics of the trunk, the X-factor angle, and the hitting parameters. (2) Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to assess electromyography (EMG) patterns of the erector spinae muscles (ES) and the kinematics of the trunk and swing parameters while performing golf swings on three different ground slopes: (1) no slope where the ball is level with the feet (BLF), (2) a slope where the ball is above the feet (BAF), and (3) a slope where the ball is below the feet (BBF). Research on the recruitment strategies of thoracolumbar erector spinae during golf swings on different slopes may help us to understand some underlying mechanisms of lower back pain. (1) Background: 'Slope' refers to the position faced by golfers on the course. It may, however, be a useful assessment tool for strength and range of movement, provided that any motor learning issues are resolved before results influencing conditioning programs.
The use of the OHS to understand the cause of loss of posture during the golf swing is therefore not recommended because many other variables could influence swing kinematics. These may, however, be spurious relations hips as swing changes could be expected following the intervention if they were indeed true predictors of the postural variables. In addition, regression analysis revealed that the 4 measured OHS variables were significant and small predictors of swing kinematic variables at the top of back swing and impact (ranging from R2 = 0.109 to R2 = 0.300). Despite the intervention group's significant improvement in OHS thigh angle ( p < 0.001), there were no significant changes in 3D swing kinematics between the groups and over pre- and posttesting for address ( p = 0.219), top of the back swing ( p = 0.977), and impact ( p = 0.994). The level of significance set for the study was p < 0.05. Pre- and postintervention OHS assessments and 3-dimensional (3D) 6-iron swing kinematics were captured. Thirty-seven golfers (handicap = 14.8 ± 13.3) were randomly split into a control group ( n = 16) and an intervention group ( n = 21)-who completed an 8-week strength and flexibility program. Using an 8-week intervention to improve OHS performance, this study assessed this suggestion and analyzed the impact of any resultant physical adaptations on golf swing kinematics.
J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 291-297, 2023-It has previously been suggested that performance of the overhead squat (OHS) is a useful predictor of loss of posture in the golf swing. The influence of an 8-week strength and corrective exercise intervention on the overhead deep squat and golf swing kinematics.
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